NCERT MCQ Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 7 How do Organisms Reproduce?

Budding is an asexual reproduction method where a new organism grows out from the body of the parent. It is seen in organisms like Hydra and yeast which do not require gamete fusion.

In Amoeba reproduction happens through binary fission where the organism splits into two identical cells. Each daughter cell receives a copy of the parent’s genetic material ensuring continuity.

Yeast reproduces asexually through budding where a small protrusion forms on the parent cell and eventually grows into a separate individual identical to the parent organism.

Spirogyra reproduces by fragmentation. When its filaments break into pieces each fragment develops into a new organism making it an efficient method of vegetative propagation in algae.

In Bryophyllum small buds are formed along the margins of its leaves. These buds fall off and develop into new plants making it a form of vegetative propagation.

After fertilization the ovary of the flower matures into a fruit. The ovules inside the ovary develop into seeds completing the reproductive cycle in flowering plants.

The ovary is a part of the pistil or female reproductive organ in a flower. The stamen consists of the anther and filament which are male parts.

Fertilization is the process where the male gamete (sperm) fuses with the female gamete (egg) to form a zygote which later develops into an embryo.

Testes are the male reproductive organs responsible for producing sperm and testosterone. Sperm production occurs in the seminiferous tubules within the testes.

Estrogen regulates the female reproductive cycle including the development of the endometrial lining. Its withdrawal leads to menstruation when fertilization does not occur.

A condom is a barrier method of contraception used to prevent the sperm from reaching the egg thus avoiding fertilization during sexual intercourse.

Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of male and female gametes from different individuals leading to genetic recombination and variation in the offspring population.

Ovaries are female reproductive organs that produce ova or eggs and also secrete female sex hormones such as estrogen and progesterone necessary for reproduction.

Pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of a flower. It is the initial step in the process of fertilization.

A typical menstrual cycle lasts about 28 days and includes phases like menstruation, follicular development, ovulation and luteal phase controlled by reproductive hormones.

Embryo development refers to the sequence of changes from the fertilized egg or zygote to the formation of an embryo which eventually develops into a fetus.

Tubectomy is a permanent method of birth control in females where the fallopian tubes are surgically cut or tied to prevent the passage of ova.

Rhythm method is based on calculating the ovulation period and avoiding intercourse during the fertile days thereby preventing conception without any physical or hormonal interference.

The uterus is the muscular organ in females where the embryo implants and grows. It provides nutrients and protection through the placenta until birth.

A zygote is the single cell formed by the union of sperm and egg during fertilization. It marks the beginning of a new organism’s development.