NCERT MCQ Solutions for Class 10 Social Science History Chapter 3 The Making of a Global World

Globalisation as an economic system that emerged in the recent past, with interconnectedness developing over centuries through trade, migration and movement of capital.

As early as 3000 BCE, active coastal trade linked the Indus Valley with present-day West Asia, showing ancient patterns of interconnectedness.

Cowries from the Maldives were used as currency and found their way into China and East Africa, highlighting early long-distance trade.

Silk routes indicate vibrant trade and cultural exchange linking Asia, Europe and Africa, with silk, pottery, spices and religious ideas moving along these paths.

Potatoes, along with other foods like maize and tomatoes, were introduced to Europe and Asia from the Americas after Columbus’ voyage.

The famine destroyed potato crops in Ireland, leading to a million deaths and mass emigration in search of work.

Smallpox and other diseases from Europe decimated native American populations who had no immunity.

Corn Laws restricted import of food grains, leading to high prices and later, their abolition allowed cheaper imports and social change.

The invention of refrigerated ships enabled transport of frozen meat, reducing shipping costs and improving diets in Europe.

Rinderpest, introduced from Asia, killed 90% of cattle in Africa, leading to widespread hardship and changes in labor systems.

Indentured laborers from India worked on plantations in the Caribbean, Mauritius, Fiji and elsewhere under fixed-term contracts.

As British policies restricted Indian textiles, India became an exporter of raw cotton, opium and other materials.

The Great Depression (1929-1930s) caused sharp declines in production, trade and employment worldwide.

The war made the US an international creditor, shifting global financial power.

Henry Ford’s assembly line method allowed for faster and cheaper car production, transforming industry worldwide.

The Bretton Woods Conference established the IMF, World Bank and a fixed exchange rate system.

The G-77 represented developing countries seeking fairer trade, control over resources and better access to markets.

Low wage structures in Asian countries made them attractive for MNCs, leading to increased investment and global trade.

Indian farmers suffered the most as export prices collapsed, debts increased and the government did not reduce revenue demands.

With the US dollar losing confidence, countries moved to floating exchange rates based on supply and demand.